The course seeks to develop understanding of the geographic nature of urban and rural systems and the internal spatial patterns and activities in cities and in rural areas.  It will be focusing on the following topics: Urban areas:  Evolution of urban centers, factors of urbanization, major problems of urban centers and their solution; internal structure of cities, economic activities and relationship between urban and rural areas.  Rural areas: types of rural settlement, characteristics, factors, advantages and disadvantages of rural settlements, problems affecting rural settlements, government policy towards rural settlement; Case studies of some rural and urban areas of developed and developing countries.